The Memory Pioneer

Today's conversation on A Bit Personal with Jodi feels especially timely.

今天这期《A Bit Personal with Jodi》的对话，来得格外应景。

We're living in a moment where technologies we depend on, from AI to the devices in our hands, are all powered by something most of us rarely think about, memory.

我们正身处这样一个时刻:我们所依赖的种种技术——从 AI 到手中的各种设备——背后都由一样我们大多数人很少去想的东西驱动着:内存。

And right now, memory is not just essential, it's incredibly high demand and short supply.

而眼下，内存不仅不可或缺，还正处在需求极其旺盛、供给却极其紧张的状态。

Which makes today's guest someone uniquely important.

这也让今天的嘉宾显得格外重要。

Sanjay Mehrotra is the CEO of Micron Technology, one of the world's leading memory and storage companies, helping to power everything from cloud computing to artificial intelligence.

Sanjay Mehrotra 是美光(Micron Technology)的 CEO，这是全球领先的内存和存储公司之一，从云计算到人工智能，方方面面都由它提供动力。

He's spent decades at the center of this space, co-founding SanDisk and playing a pivotal role in shaping the flash memory revolution.

他在这个领域的中心已经耕耘了数十年，共同创办了闪迪(SanDisk)，在塑造闪存革命中扮演了关键角色。

But beyond the scale of what he leads, what I find compelling is how someone navigates that kind of responsibility, especially at a moment when the world is quite literally relying on the decisions he makes.

但除了他所掌管事业的规模之外，真正吸引我的是:一个人如何驾驭这样的责任，尤其是在这样一个全世界几乎是在字面意义上依赖着他所做决策的时刻。

In this conversation, we talked to Sanjay about his journey, the discipline, the long-term thinking required to lead in a cyclical and high-stakes industry, and what it means to stay grounded while operating at the center of global demand.

在这场对话里，我们和 Sanjay 聊了他的人生历程，聊了在一个周期性强、风险高的行业里领军所需要的那种自律和长线思维，也聊了身处全球需求中心的同时如何保持脚踏实地。

Because this isn't just a conversation about technology, it's about leadership under pressure, and the people shaping what comes next.

因为这不只是一场关于技术的对话，它关乎压力之下的领导力，也关乎那些正在塑造未来的人。

So, let's get to it.

那么，我们就开始吧。

Sanjay, welcome to A Bit Personal.

Sanjay，欢迎来到《A Bit Personal》。

Yes, great to be here with you.

是的，很高兴能来到这里和你聊。

Yeah, I'm so to it.

是啊，我也很期待。

Thank you.

谢谢你。

I'm very honored to be in your home, this beautiful home, and in your office.

能来到你家，这么漂亮的一个家，还有你的办公室，我感到非常荣幸。

There's lots of stories back here.

这后面藏着很多故事。

Do you have any favorite books on your bookshelf back here?

你身后这个书架上，有没有什么你特别喜欢的书?

Well, actually quite a few, you know, definitely quite a few.

嗯，其实还挺多的，确实挺多。

And, you know, we love to collect books when we visit places, so many of them are related to that, too.

我们每到一个地方旅行都喜欢收集书，所以其中很多也都跟旅行有关。

You know, there's a book on Gita, you know, that's like Hindu's holy scriptures.

这里有一本《薄伽梵歌》(Gita)，就是印度教的圣典。

I think that's once in a while, you know, fun to look at some of the pages there, too.

我觉得偶尔翻一翻里面的一些篇章，也挺有意思的。

Nice.

真好。

Nice.

真好。

Well, I have to say that, you know, we were going to do this interview a few weeks ago.

我得说，我们本来几周前就要做这次采访的。

And I got trumped by Trump.

结果被特朗普(Trump)给"截胡"了。

Okay, so you got invited to be part of the White House delegation to China.

事情是这样:你受邀成为了白宫访华代表团的一员。

So, tell us a little bit what that was like.

那就跟我们讲讲那是种什么样的体验吧。

What was it like to get the phone call?

接到那通电话时是什么感觉?

And then what was it like to take the trip?

然后真正踏上这趟行程又是什么感觉?

Well, it was definitely quite an honor and privilege to represent Micron.

嗯，能代表 Micron，这无疑是一份莫大的荣幸。

And definitely it was fun.

而且确实很有意思。

It was exciting and quite an experience.

既让人兴奋，也是一段难得的经历。

Um, you know, took part in uh President Trump engaging with the CEOs on that morning that he was welcomed in Washington, D.C.

那天上午特朗普总统在华盛顿受到欢迎、并与几位 CEO 交流时，我也身在其中。

And the CEOs that were there were also actually privileged to actually welcome see see him welcomed uh by President Xi.

在场的几位 CEO 后来还很荣幸地亲眼见证了他受到习主席的欢迎。

That was an exciting ceremony to watch.

那是一场看着令人振奋的仪式。

And um you know, we uh took part in some of the uh bilateral dialogue.

我们也参与了部分双边对话。

President Trump introduced the CEOs uh in the bilateral dialogue as well as the banquet at at night.

特朗普总统在双边对话中，以及在当晚的宴会上，都向对方介绍了这几位 CEO。

So, it was overall um great to see U.S.

所以总体而言，能看到美国和中国走到一起，很好。

and China coming together and, you know, building a relationship toward greater stability and that will be good for everybody.

双方正努力建立一种朝着更大稳定迈进的关系，而这对所有人都是好事。

Talking is good.

对话本身就是好事。

Even if there's not, you know, hard and fast measures, I think that talking is good.

即便没有什么硬性的、板上钉钉的举措，我也觉得能够对话本身就是好事。

And so, who do you hope comes out of it?

那么，你希望谁能从中受益呢?

Well, I mean, you know, as a business leader, definitely always looking for that environment, you know, that fosters innovation, you know, provides a platform for innovation benefit to all the businesses.

嗯，作为一名企业领导者，我当然始终在寻求这样一种环境:能够孕育创新，为创新提供平台，让所有企业都从中受益。

And of course, stability and predictability and certainty around investments, as well.

当然，还有围绕投资的稳定性、可预期性和确定性。

And did you go on Air Force One?

那你坐空军一号了吗?

No, I did not.

没有，我没坐。

Okay, I was going to ask if you took any goodies.

好吧，我本来还想问你有没有带点什么好东西回来呢。

So, I've been looking forward to this conversation so much because you and Micron and memory are at the center of our world right now.

我一直特别期待这次对话，因为你、Micron 还有内存，如今正处在我们这个世界的中心。

Certainly, any conversation that happens about AI includes a discussion about capacity, memory, and energy.

可以说，任何关于 AI 的讨论，都绕不开产能、内存和能源这几个话题。

So, it's uh you're you're more important than ever.

所以你比以往任何时候都更重要。

So, tell me how this moment feels for you.

那就跟我说说，此刻你是什么感受？

You know, this uh I've been in this industry now for 45-plus years, and this is the most exciting time uh for our industry.

我在这个行业已经做了 45 年多，而现在是我们这个行业最激动人心的时刻。

And uh I truly believe that that the best is yet to come.

而且我真心相信，最好的时代还在后头。

Mhm.

嗯。

Uh memory becoming such a key enabler uh for AI because, you know, today memory is not just about a component in devices like smartphones or PCs.

内存正在成为 AI 如此关键的赋能者，因为如今内存已经不只是智能手机或 PC 这类设备里的一个元器件。

Today, memory is absolutely enabling intelligence in artificial intelligence.

今天，内存实实在在地在为人工智能中的智能提供支撑。

Right?

对吧？

It's helping improve the intelligence.

它在帮助提升智能水平。

So, the opportunities for memory are tremendous, and of course, it's a very exciting time.

所以内存的机遇是巨大的，这当然是一个非常激动人心的时刻。

And very proud of Micron's team as really the only US company that is in semiconductor memory manufacturing, uh really proud of the team that has worked hard over the decades, and so committed to advancements in memory technology roadmap, product roadmap to get to this point uh where memory has become absolutely center of the AI revolution.

我也非常为 Micron 的团队感到自豪——作为唯一一家从事半导体内存制造的美国公司，这支团队几十年来辛勤付出，坚定地推进内存技术路线图、产品路线图，才走到今天这一步，让内存真正成为 AI 革命的绝对核心。

You know, I I always considered Micron as a national treasure.

我一直把 Micron 视为一份国家财富。

And I think, you know, the world is seeing uh what a great national treasure Micron is, particularly in the midst of this AI revolution.

我也觉得，全世界都正在看到 Micron 是一份多么了不起的国家财富，尤其是在这场 AI 革命之中。

Right.

没错。

You know, every decision that you're making right now has ripple effects throughout the entire industry, and really even the global economy.

你现在做的每一个决定，都会在整个行业、乃至全球经济中激起层层涟漪。

So, how do you handle that kind of pressure?

那么你是怎么应对这种压力的？

I mean, do you have some sort of habit or ritual or mantra that you do on a daily basis that keeps you grounded and sane?

我是说，你有没有什么每天都会做的习惯、仪式或者心中默念的箴言，来让自己保持踏实和清醒？

You know, I think it's all about the team and really has been wonderful to have worked with very many of these team members for a very long time.

我想，这一切归根结底都在于团队，能与这么多团队成员共事这么久，是一件非常美好的事。

Um certainly, you know, as I said, Micron national treasure, so very many strong leaders.

当然，正如我所说，Micron 是一份国家财富，因此有非常多出色的领导者。

When I joined Micron, I inherited them as part of my team.

我加入 Micron 时，就把他们承接下来，纳入了我的团队。

Uh but other leaders as well that I've worked for very long time in the industry in my prior years at SanDisk.

但也还有另一些领导者，是我早年在 SanDisk、在这个行业里共事了很久的。

Combining the team together and that team that I truly consider among the very best in the semiconductor industry and having all the experience of being in our semiconductor industry for so long, I mean that really is the best asset that I personally have that helps me uh manage through um you know, all the opportunities and of course from time to time challenges in our industry and and in our business.

把这些人组合成一支团队——一支我真心认为跻身半导体行业最顶尖之列的团队，再加上在半导体行业深耕这么多年积累的所有经验，这确实是我个人拥有的最宝贵的财富，帮助我驾驭行业与业务中所有的机遇，当然也包括时不时出现的挑战。

So in then, you know, being in your home, I met your beautiful wife a few moments ago.

那么，说到身处你的家中——我刚才见到了你美丽的太太。

It's very calm here.

这里非常宁静。

So that has to be part of it that when you come from a calm household that maybe you know, you don't feel the pressure quite as much.

所以这一定也是原因之一：当你身处一个宁静的家庭，也许就不会那么强烈地感受到压力。

Absolutely correct.

完全正确。

I think the support that the family provides is critically important and you know, absolutely um my wife is really a pillar of strength and calmness and composure and um you know, in memory industry, semiconductor industry, you know, has gone through lots of ups and downs.

我认为家庭提供的支持至关重要，我的太太确实是力量、平静与从容的支柱，而内存行业、半导体行业经历过许许多多的起起落落。

So having that support system at home absolutely is a big advantage, big plus, no question about it.

所以在家里有这样一个支持系统，绝对是一大优势、一大加分项，这一点毫无疑问。

Okay, so let's talk a little bit about those cycles.

好,我们来聊聊这些周期。

So you've been in the industry a long time.

你在这个行业已经很久了。

You've seen dozens of cycles.

你经历过几十轮周期。

I mean, it is the nature of the semiconductor industry to be cyclical.

半导体行业的本质就是周期性的。

So within the semiconductor in industry, memory is the most volatile and no pun intended.

而在半导体行业里,内存是波动最剧烈的——这可不是双关。

I bet you've heard that before.

这话你肯定听过。

But today it's I mean it's always either feast or famine for you guys and today it's feast.

但今天——对你们来说永远是要么盛宴、要么饥荒,而今天是盛宴。

I mean, you know, congratulations on joining the trillion-dollar club.

恭喜你们加入万亿美元俱乐部。

You have tons of cash on hand.

你们手握大量现金。

I mean, your stock price the valuation of the company is doubled in 48 days.

公司股价、公司估值在 48 天里翻了一倍。

I mean, it's pretty incredible to to watch this ride.

看着这一路狂飙,实在令人难以置信。

Is this just another cycle at a different scale or does AI have the ability to change the nature of our industry?

这只是又一轮规模不同的周期,还是说 AI 有能力改变我们这个行业的本质?

Absolutely.

当然。

I think, you know, without semiconductors there's no AI and memory is very much the backbone, a key enabler.

我认为,没有半导体就没有 AI,而内存在很大程度上是它的支柱,是关键的使能者。

And, you know, when you as I mentioned earlier, as models get larger, as inference continues to grow, you go from training to inference, you go from data center to edge, you just need more and more memory.

正如我前面提到的,随着模型越来越大、随着推理不断增长,从训练走向推理,从数据中心走向边缘,你需要的内存只会越来越多。

More memory, more capacity, higher performance, lower power.

更多内存、更大容量、更高性能、更低功耗。

These are all essential to realize the improvements in intelligence from one generation from one model to the next, from one inference application to the next.

要实现智能从一代到下一代、从一个模型到下一个模型、从一个推理应用到下一个推理应用的提升,这些都不可或缺。

And now agentic AI, right?

而现在又有了 agentic AI(智能体 AI),对吧?

I think with agentic AI orchestration of AI, this has led to tremendous increase in demand for memory whether it is in a GPU platform or a TPU platform or it's an ASIC.

我认为,随着 agentic AI、随着对 AI 的编排调度出现,内存需求出现了巨大增长——无论是在 GPU 平台、TPU 平台还是 ASIC 上。

It you know, you need more and more memory.

你需要的内存越来越多。

And so you have to look at the demand side that memory is a key enabler of intelligence in artificial intelligence.

所以从需求端看,内存是人工智能中智能得以实现的关键使能者。

Intelligence is all about data.

智能的核心是数据。

Data is all about memory.

数据的核心是内存。

And when you look at token economics, I mean, that definitely relies on memory.

而当你审视 token 经济学时,它无疑也依赖内存。

And as the token usage grows with greater context windows, greater key value caching, and of course larger and larger models, it just requires not just compute, but it requires ability to remember, ability ability to have more memory, higher performance memory as well.

随着 token 使用量增长——更大的上下文窗口、更多的键值缓存(KV cache),当然还有越来越大的模型——它需要的不仅是算力,还需要记忆的能力、需要更多内存,以及更高性能的内存。

So from a demand point of view, this is all still in very very early innings.

所以从需求角度看,这一切都还处在非常非常早期的阶段。

We see that AI has long legs here.

我们看到 AI 在这里有很长的后劲。

The other side is supply, Jody, that is very important to understand the full dynamics here, right?

另一面是供给,Jodi——要完整理解这里的动态,这一点非常重要,对吧?

On the supply side, as is well known, supply is extremely short, and this is versus demand, and this is because high bandwidth memory, high performance memory, which is not just high bandwidth memory, you know, feature products like LP6, DRAM, all of them which are critical part of data center, as well as various edge devices, they all just required a lot of wafers, because they as they get to higher performance, they they they are becoming bigger in die sizes, requiring more and more wafers.

在供给端,众所周知,相对于需求,供给极度短缺;这是因为高带宽内存、高性能内存——不仅是 HBM,还有像 LP6、DRAM 这类特性产品,它们都是数据中心以及各类边缘设备的关键组成部分——都需要大量晶圆,因为随着性能提升,它们的裸片尺寸变得更大,需要越来越多的晶圆。

And all of this needs tremendous green field capacity.

而这一切都需要巨量的新建产能。

Construction of those fabs takes a long time.

建设这些晶圆厂需要很长时间。

Equipping those fabs, qualifying the lines, bringing up the supply, which comes up in a gradual fashion, takes a long time, too.

给这些晶圆厂装配设备、验证产线、逐步把供给爬坡起来——这同样需要很长时间。

So you really have to look at both the demand side and the supply side, and the fundamentals have just changed for our industry in in both of those regards.

所以你必须同时审视需求端和供给端,而我们行业的基本面在这两方面都刚刚发生了改变。

So but once the supply chain once the supply side catches up and there's an equilibrium, usually then it begins to tilt.

但一旦供应链、一旦供给端赶上来、达到供需平衡,通常局面就会开始倾斜。

Like there's too much I mean, do you see that in the next 5 years or just I mean because it seems that if there if this is a cycle, and we're on the the way up right now, seems like the correction could be brutal.

比如供给过剩——你觉得这会在未来 5 年内发生吗?因为如果这是一轮周期,而我们现在正处在上行阶段,那么回调可能会非常惨烈。

So what I would tell you is again that this is early days of AI and more and more memory is going to be needed as AI as intelligence as agentic AI advances.

我要再次告诉你的是,这仍是 AI 的早期阶段,随着 AI、随着智能、随着 agentic AI 的推进,对内存的需求会越来越大。

On the other hand, supply is way short of demand.

另一方面,供给远远跟不上需求。

I cannot project when supply catches up with demand.

我无法预测供给何时能赶上需求。

We see supply being tight in the industry well beyond 2026 time frame.

我们看到行业供给紧张的局面会一直持续到 2026 年之后。

And again, you have to just look at the fundamentals.

再说一次,你只需看基本面。

How does supply come up?

供给是怎么起来的?

Supply comes up through greenfield fabs.

供给要靠新建晶圆厂。

These fabs from shovel in the ground to getting first wafers out takes like 3 years, 4 years kind of time frame.

这些晶圆厂从破土动工到产出第一批晶圆,大概要 3 到 4 年的时间。

And then you have to ramp up production as well.

之后你还得把产量爬坡上去。

And of course, you know, that ramp up of production will always be done in line with the latest demand assessments as well.

当然,这种产量爬坡也总是会与最新的需求评估保持一致。

And other thing to point out is that technology is getting more and more difficult.

还有一点要指出的是,技术正变得越来越难。

That means each successive generation of technology is giving you less productivity in terms of gigabits gain that you have.

这意味着每一代新技术在千兆比特(gigabit)增益上带来的产出提升越来越小。

All of this combination really bodes for demand and supply fundamental to stay healthy in the foreseeable future.

所有这些因素叠加,预示着在可预见的未来,供需基本面将保持健康。

Okay.

好。

When was it that you first realized that AI wasn't going to be one of these typical technology transitions?

你是什么时候第一次意识到,AI 不会只是那种典型的技术更替?

Um you know, certainly for 2022, you know, with chat GPT, I mean that absolutely changed the world and you know, drove a tremendous inflection point in the demand environment.

当然,2022 年随着 ChatGPT 的出现,它彻底改变了世界,也在需求环境中带来了一个巨大的拐点。

But even back in 2020 time frame, you know, we were absolutely when it was known that AI is starting to build momentum.

但早在 2020 年前后,当大家知道 AI 开始积蓄势头时,我们就已经……

We had frankly begun to talk about, you know, how memory is going to be at the heart of enabling AI.

坦白说,我们那时就已经开始谈论,内存将如何成为支撑 AI 的核心。

And even in 21 time frame, Micron was talking about that increases in supply will be needed because we could see that products like high bandwidth memory and their planned roadmap needed more and more silicon and high bandwidth memory back then was you know barely you know less than a single digit percent of 1% of the memory industry.

甚至在 2021 年前后,Micron 就在谈论需要增加供给,因为我们能看到像 HBM 这样的产品及其规划路线图需要越来越多的硅片,而当时 HBM 在整个内存行业中的占比还不到百分之一的个位数。

So we could see that future generations of high bandwidth memory are going to require a lot of silicon and high bandwidth memory had a tremendous growth.

所以我们能预见,未来几代 HBM 将需要大量硅片,而 HBM 也确实迎来了巨大的增长。

Um and its impact on the supply dynamic and that's why we said green fields have to be built back even in 2021 time frame.

以及它对供给格局的影响——这正是我们早在 2021 年前后就说必须新建产能的原因。

Um but there is no doubt that nobody nobody projected that AI will take off at this rapid pace of advancement and you know whether it is um logic silicon or memory silicon nobody predicted that uh the need would grow this fast.

但毫无疑问,没有人预测到 AI 会以如此迅猛的速度推进,无论是逻辑芯片还是内存芯片,没有人预料到需求会增长得这么快。

Right.

是的。

And so when was it I mean I was in China in October of last year and that was really the first time that I sort of heard grumblings of that there is going to be a major memory shortage.

那是什么时候呢——我去年 10 月在中国,那真的是我第一次隐约听到有人在议论,说将会出现一场重大的内存短缺。

Um and I think it was CXMT was talking about that they were sold out for the next 2 years.

我记得好像是 CXMT 在说,他们未来两年的产能都已经卖光了。

It was the first time that I mean little bit of grumblings before that.

那是我第一次听到——在那之前只有一点点风声。

When was it for you guys that you said okay we're in for a major um capacity crunch?

对你们来说,是什么时候意识到「好,我们要迎来一场重大的产能紧缩」的?

I I think it was even in our December 2023 earnings call we had talked about that leading edge memory supply is going to start becoming tighter in 2024 certainly 2025.

我想,早在我们 2023 年 12 月的财报电话会上,我们就谈到过,先进制程内存的供给将从 2024 年开始变得更紧张,到 2025 年更是如此。

We saw that memory supply tightness only was growing and it was growing not just tightness for leading edge memory growing but even you know some of the long life cycle products such as DDR4 memory that go into applications like automotive industrial networking so across the board.

我们看到内存供给的紧张只增不减,而且不仅是先进制程内存的紧张在加剧,连一些长生命周期产品——比如用于汽车、工业、网络等应用的 DDR4 内存——也全面吃紧。

So, we you know, began to see some of these trends develop and we began to speak to it in late '23 and '24 time frame.

所以,我们开始看到这些趋势出现,并从 2023 年底到 2024 年前后开始对外谈论它。

So, people Yeah, but and you know, as I said earlier, we began to plan our investments um even in '21, '22 time frame, but of course, 2023 was a brutal year for the semiconductor industry and that's when some of the investments in new capacity were slowed down as well.

正如我前面所说,我们早在 2021、2022 年前后就开始规划投资,但当然,2023 年对半导体行业是惨烈的一年,那时一些新产能的投资也放缓了。

So, we talk a lot about in our industry a lot about technology, a lot about innovation and not so much sort of about the responsibility of the technologies that we're enabling.

在我们这个行业,我们谈了很多技术、很多创新,却很少谈及我们所赋能的这些技术背后的责任。

So, how do you feel about Micron and Sanjay's responsibility to the world about AI?

那么,对于 Micron 和你个人 Sanjay 在 AI 上对世界所负的责任,你怎么看?

And and maybe even address, you know, you've heard a few sort of a a little bit of a backlash lately about AI.

或许也可以谈谈——最近你也听到了一些针对 AI 的反弹声音。

You heard some of these graduation speakers get booed off stage when they mentioned AI in their commencement addresses.

你也听说过,一些毕业典礼的演讲者在致辞中提到 AI 时被嘘下了台。

So, I mean, there there seems to be some grumblings.

所以,似乎确实有一些不满的声音。

And you know, how as a person, as a human being, do you worry about AI?

那么作为一个人、作为一个普通人,你会为 AI 担忧吗?

How do how do you I mean, do you worry about it?

你会担心它吗?

Do you think it it's um something that we should all be concerned about or it's just it's just something that's going to happen?

你认为这是我们所有人都该忧虑的事,还是说它只是终将发生的事?

You know, I know that you know, there are obviously uh concerns regarding jobs, you know, in getting impacted with the AI.

我知道,大家显然会担心就业受到 AI 的冲击。

But I think the part that we all have to be really excited about and optimistic about is the innovation that AI enables, right?

但我认为,我们都真正应该为之振奋和乐观的一点,是 AI 所带来的创新。

I mean, many of the problems that have been unsolved forever, you know, have opportunity to get solved and you know that when innovation happens, that creates tremendous new opportunity as well.

许多长期悬而未决的难题,如今有机会得到解决;而创新一旦发生,也会催生巨大的新机遇。

And then when you also look at demographics, particularly in the developed countries, right?

再看人口结构,尤其是在发达国家。

Um you know, that demographics, you know, populations are aging in the developed countries.

发达国家的人口正在老龄化。

So, productivity that AI provides, I believe, will absolutely be essential for the GDP growth rates to continue in the developed countries as well.

因此我相信,AI 所带来的生产力提升,对于发达国家维持 GDP 增速也将是绝对不可或缺的。

And in terms of our responsibility, look, we have tremendous responsibility to our customers and of course to the team members at Micron as well.

说到我们的责任,我们对客户、当然也对 Micron 的团队成员,都肩负着重大的责任。

Over the course of last several years, we have been absolutely focused on driving a transformation at Micron itself in terms of making Micron a clear technology and product leader in memory and storage.

过去几年里,我们始终全神贯注地推动 Micron 自身的转型,让 Micron 成为内存与存储领域明确的技术与产品领导者。

I'm very pleased that through the hard work of our tens of thousands of team members, Micron has positioned itself today with the most comprehensive technology and product portfolio today.

令我十分欣慰的是,凭借数万名团队成员的辛勤付出,Micron 如今已确立了业界最全面的技术与产品组合。

So, yes, I mean, that has been a big responsibility.

所以,是的,这一直是一份重大的责任。

And again, it's the team that enables it, that makes it happen, and I'm very proud of that team.

我要再说一次,是团队让这一切成为可能、得以实现,我为这支团队深感自豪。

In terms of responsibility to our customers, you know, who are of course planning on continuing to invest, you know, CapEx reaching trillion dollars, you know, in the you know, coming few quarters, right?

至于对客户的责任——他们当然计划持续投入,未来几个季度里资本开支将达到万亿美元。

You know, that is of course a big responsibility to ensure that we continue to support their advances in AI because AI means revenue growth opportunities for them.

确保我们持续支撑他们在 AI 上的推进,这无疑是一份重大的责任,因为 AI 对他们意味着营收增长的机遇。

It means innovation opportunities for our customers.

它对我们的客户意味着创新的机遇。

So, yes, there the responsibility to continue to bring advanced technology products and supply that meets the requirements.

所以,是的,我们有责任持续提供先进的技术产品,以及满足需求的供给。

This is a big responsibility and all our team is working very hard towards that.

这是一份重大的责任,我们整个团队都在为此全力以赴。

Yeah, I was this morning Erin Brockovich was on one of the morning shows talking about that communities aren't getting a say in these data centers that are being put in their communities.

是啊,今天早上 Erin Brockovich 在一档晨间节目里说,这些建进社区的数据中心,当地居民却没有发言权。

And you know, that their people are seeing their energy costs go up.

而且当地居民眼看着自己的能源开支在上涨。

You have water issues and problems.

还有用水方面的种种问题。

So, I'm just wondering if there is going to be sort of this backlash or pushback on AI.

所以我在想,会不会出现针对 AI 的某种反弹或抵制。

You know, of course, you know, the societal issues of course have to be always considered and you know, it has to provide benefit you know, for the communities and for the broader populations.

当然,社会层面的问题必须始终纳入考量,它必须能为社区、为更广泛的人群带来益处。

And I do believe that, you know, with advances that will come with AI, many of them that we may not even be able to imagine today and then the opportunities that will it will eventually create, I think that will be, you know, ultimately good for the community.

而我确实相信,随着 AI 带来的种种进步——其中许多是我们今天甚至无法想象的——以及它最终会创造的机遇,这对社区而言终将是好事。

Of course, it does mean that yes, jobs will change, new jobs will get created, some jobs will get eliminated and that's why it's really, really important to embrace AI and leverage it, you know, to realize your own individual highest potential.

当然,这确实意味着就业会发生变化:会有新的工作被创造出来,也会有一些工作被淘汰;正因如此,拥抱并善用 AI、去实现你个人的最大潜能,才如此至关重要。

Right.

没错。

Right.

对。

So, as you know, this podcast is called A Bit Personal.

你也知道,这档播客叫《A Bit Personal》。

So, it's it's the opportunity to tell the personal story behind the public success.

所以这正是一个机会,去讲述公开成就背后的个人故事。

So, I want to talk about who Sanjay Mehrotra is and I want to go back to your childhood.

我想聊聊 Sanjay Mehrotra 究竟是谁,想回到你的童年。

I want to go back before Micron or SanDisk or Berkeley or even the US.

回到 Micron、SanDisk、伯克利,甚至还没到美国之前的那段时光。

And help us to understand what childhood was like in the Mehrotra family and the in your household and how maybe some of the ways that you were raised impacted who you eventually became.

帮我们理解一下,Mehrotra 家、你们家里的童年是什么样子,以及你成长过程中受到的某些教养方式,如何影响了你最终成为的那个人。

So, came from humble beginnings, came from a middle-class family in India.

我出身寒微,来自印度一个中产家庭。

You know, I grew up in a home that didn't have a television, that didn't have a phone.

我长大的那个家,没有电视,也没有电话。

And I think the first refrigerator we got in our home was maybe just about the time I became a teenager.

我记得家里第一台冰箱,大概是在我刚步入青少年时期时才买的。

So, humble beginnings and of course, you you the always operating, you know, I could see my parents are always operating under tremendous constraints, but always very much focused on their children and particularly education for their children.

所以起点很朴素;当然,我总能看到父母始终在极其拮据的条件下操持家务,但他们始终把心思放在孩子身上,尤其是孩子的教育上。

So, I grew up in a home, you know, that definitely very much focused on family, family first, home where family values mattered a lot and home where my dad absolutely a man of tremendous conviction, force of nature and really the values he believed and he stood for them, no matter how hard things around him got in terms of living those values.

所以我成长的那个家,毫无疑问非常看重家庭、家庭至上,是一个家庭价值观极受重视的家,也是一个父亲有着巨大信念的家——他是一股不可阻挡的力量,他真心信奉那些价值,并为之坚守,无论身边的处境变得多么艰难,他都身体力行地践行这些价值。

I lived under a mom, you know, that was very calm, very composed.

我的母亲则非常平和、非常沉稳。

You know, as you can imagine, I mean, you know, coming from a modest, humble beginnings, I mean, our family did go through a lot of ups and downs and financial hardships as well and both my parents, you know, absolutely focused on the children.

你可以想象,出身如此朴素寒微,我们家确实经历了很多起起落落,也有过经济上的困顿,而我的父母始终一心扑在孩子身上。

So, a home that also very much focused on education.

所以那也是一个极其重视教育的家。

I think education was always a priority for us.

我想,教育对我们来说始终是头等大事。

So, you talk about the values that he that he stood for even when it was hard.

你提到他即使在艰难时刻也坚守的那些价值观。

What were some of those values that like it seemed like it would have been easier to just back away?

有哪些价值观,是那种看起来退让一步会容易得多、但他却始终没有退让的?

I mean, for him it was very important that equality, for example, you know, men and women getting treated the same.

对他而言,平等非常重要,比如说,男人和女人要被同等对待。

Just keep in mind, I'm talking about 1960s.

要记住,我说的是 1960 年代。

We are two brothers and two sisters and my dad would be saying in those times he has four sons, not two sons and two daughters.

我们家两兄弟两姐妹,而我父亲在那个年代会说,他有四个儿子,而不是两个儿子两个女儿。

And he sent my sister back in the 60s time frame in India to an engineering college and you know, the family absolutely extended family was thinking that, you know, what is my dad doing that he's crazy.

在 60 年代的印度,他把我姐姐送进了工程学院,而整个大家庭都在想,我父亲这是在干什么,他是不是疯了。

In those days, there used to be hardly any girls in engineering colleges in India.

在那个年代,印度的工程学院里几乎没有女生。

So, I think these are the kind of values that my dad absolutely stood for and as well as, you know, believing in what is right.

所以我想,这些正是我父亲坚定坚守的价值观,以及他对正义之事的信念。

You know, growing up in India you know, in average society you could see corruption around you and he would absolutely never ever take part in it and would even if it meant hardship for him.

在印度长大,在普通的社会环境里,你能看到身边的腐败,而他绝对、从来不会参与其中,哪怕这意味着他要吃苦。

And many times he ran into hardship, but he would never, you know, support any act of corruption.

很多次他确实因此陷入困境,但他从不会去纵容任何腐败行为。

That explains a lot about you.

这就把你身上很多东西解释清楚了。

And how that you have, you know, always been such a champion of women's rights you know, women more women participating in our industry.

还有你一直以来都是女性权益的坚定倡导者,倡导更多女性参与到我们这个行业里来。

So, that that tells me a lot.

所以这让我明白了很多。

So, I'm glad you told me that story.

很高兴你跟我讲了这个故事。

So, how did they how did your parents define success in the household?

那你的父母在家里是怎么定义成功的?

I think you know, success in the household was definitely making sure that, you know, family is together, family is respecting each other and caring for each other, staying connected.

我想,家里所定义的成功,毫无疑问是确保一家人在一起、彼此尊重、彼此关爱、始终保持联结。

Success in the household was, you know, definitely again that there is respect for elders and, respect for values that are that were important to the family.

家里所定义的成功,同样毫无疑问地包括尊重长辈,以及尊重那些对这个家庭很重要的价值观。

And then certainly success was for the children growing up was, you know, education.

然后,对成长中的孩子来说,成功当然就是教育。

Okay.

好。

Okay.

好的。

And so, all four of you were highly educated.

所以你们四个人都受了很好的教育。

Did you all become engineers?

你们都成了工程师吗?

Three of us engineers, fourth was not an engineer early on.

我们三个是工程师,第四个早年不是工程师。

She studied, dietetics dietitian courses, but later transitioned to engineering.

她学的是营养学、营养师方面的课程,但后来转向了工程。

So, all four of us became engineers and practiced engineering.

所以我们四个人最终都成了工程师,也都从事了工程行业。

Yes.

是的。

Wow, that's pretty amazing.

哇,这真了不起。

So, were you a very serious kid and a very serious student?

那你小时候是个非常严肃的孩子、非常严肃的学生吗?

I mean, I want to hear about some mischief that you must have done.

我倒想听听你当年一定干过的一些调皮捣蛋的事。

Yeah, generally very serious student on the quieter side and but yes, there were times when did get in trouble, you know, for some of the mischiefs.

是的,总体上是个非常认真的学生,偏安静的那一类,不过确实也有过因为一些恶作剧而惹上麻烦的时候。

I mean, in particularly in college, you know, if the college in India because I did 2 years of college in India before transitioning to Berkeley here to finish my undergrad.

尤其是在大学里,在印度读大学的时候——因为我在印度读了两年大学,之后才转到这里的伯克利完成本科。

But in very early years in college in India, I mean, if the professor was you know, kind of boring.

但在印度读大学的头几年,如果那位教授讲得挺无聊的话。

I mean, sometimes, you know, you'll attendance was important.

有时候,出勤是很重要的。

You know, you'll give your attendance, but then jump out of the window out of the classroom to then, you know, spare yourself from the torture of the class.

你会先签到,然后再从教室窗户跳出去,好让自己免受那堂课的折磨。

I mean, so some of those things and you know, did some of those kind of things along with friends.

就是这类事情,我和朋友们一起干过一些这样的事。

In India, sometimes it was the whole class will decide that they're going to cut the class and because attendance would be important.

在印度,有时候是全班一起决定要翘这堂课,而因为出勤很重要。

Attendance would be very important, but yes, I mean, teacher would be walking from one side and the whole class will be walking in the other direction.

出勤非常重要,但确实,老师从一边走过来,全班就往另一个方向走开。

So, yes, I've had some of those funny crazy moments.

所以,是的,我经历过一些这样好笑又疯狂的时刻。

That's funny.

真有意思。

So, tell me a little bit about the other besides it family members, other people, places, or even events that impacted you and put you sort of on the path to where you are today.

那跟我讲讲,除了家人之外,还有哪些其他的人、地方、甚至事件,曾影响过你,把你引上了通往今天这一切的道路。

So, one of the most important events and I often have talked about it is when I had finished my 2 years of college in India.

有一件对我影响至深的事,我也常常谈起,那是在我读完印度两年大学之后。

I was 18 years old.

当时我18岁。

And my dad always had the dream to send me to the US for higher education.

我父亲一直有个梦想,想送我去美国接受高等教育。

Didn't quite have financial means, didn't quite have a plan on how to support it, but he had the dream that he wants to send me to the US.

他并没有足够的经济能力,也没有想好该怎么支撑这件事,但他就是怀着这个梦想,想送我去美国。

Of course, my elder brother, who was already here, I must always be very thankful to him because you know, he supported my dad's dream and you know, said that okay, he will try to support me and remember, I mean he was I think at that time only about you know, in his late 20s.

当然,我哥哥当时已经在这边了,我必须永远感激他,因为他支持了我父亲的梦想,说好吧,他会尽力帮我;而且要知道,他那时也不过才二十七八岁。

And um so, I went to US Embassy with admissions in hand from US US universities and I got denied my visa three times and three different times.

于是,我手里拿着美国大学的录取通知去了美国大使馆,结果签证被拒了三次,分别在三个不同的时候。

And when that happened, my dad didn't accept it and he said he wants to talk to the consul uh on duty uh who happened to be out for lunch.

而这一切发生时,我父亲不肯接受这个结果,他说他要跟当值的领事谈一谈——那位领事恰好出去吃午饭了。

As he walked back in, you know, my dad uh essentially grabbed hold of him and I must say that he was very kind and lucky we were lucky that he let us into his office.

等领事走回来时,我父亲一把拉住了他;我得说,他非常和善,而我们也很幸运,他让我们进了他的办公室。

And at that moment, you know, for about 20 minutes, you know, my dad essentially you know, made a case for me.

就在那一刻,大约二十分钟里,我父亲一直在为我陈情。

He was my father, he was my lawyer, he was my coach in that moment.

在那一刻,他是我的父亲,是我的律师,也是我的教练。

It's essentially made a very passionate case.

那是一场充满激情的陈情。

20 minutes of non-stop from my dad that why would the consul deny me the opportunity to come to the US don't they realize that, you know, what um a loss it would be for me, but he also said at that time that you know, would you would be denied a very strong student in your country at that time.

整整二十分钟,我父亲不停地讲——领事为什么要拒绝给我去美国的机会,难道他们没有意识到这对我会是多大的损失吗;但他当时也说,你这是在拒绝一个来自贵国的、非常优秀的学生。

And at the end of that 20 minutes, I mean the consul took the passport and he stamped the visa.

而在那二十分钟结束时,领事拿起护照,盖上了签证章。

And you know, it was a performance of a lifetime for me to watch, right?

对我来说,那是一场此生难得一见、值得观摩的表演,对吧?

And learn from.

也值得从中学习。

And it was at that moment that I learned that if you ever seek success, start with tenacity.

正是在那一刻,我明白了:如果你想追求成功,先从坚韧开始。

My dad just did not give up.

我父亲就是不肯放弃。

Of course, I also learned and have always appreciated that we were very lucky.

当然,我也明白并一直心怀感激的是,我们非常幸运。

I mean, suppose, you know, that consul had not walked in at that time and my dad was not able to get hold of him or if he didn't want to listen to him, could have easily, you know, walked him out.

试想一下,假如那位领事当时没有走回来,或者我父亲没能拉住他,又或者他不愿意听我父亲说,他大可以轻而易举地把我们请出去。

We were just lucky as well.

我们也确实只是运气好而已。

So, I think tenacity and no question that luck do play an important role.

所以我认为,坚韧,以及毫无疑问的运气,都确实扮演着重要的角色。

You know, others that have really influenced my professor at Berkeley who absolutely coached me, guided me back in 1979 when I was looking for jobs and graduating with my masters.

还有其他真正影响过我的人,比如我在伯克利的教授,他在1979年、我读完硕士找工作时悉心指点我、引导我。

He guided me towards Intel where I joined team of George Perlegos who absolutely became a mentor for me.

他把我引荐到英特尔(Intel),我在那里加入了George Perlegos的团队,而他后来成了我真正意义上的导师。

So, my professor was a mentor, George Perlegos at Intel.

所以,我的教授是我的导师,英特尔的George Perlegos也是。

He was the golden boy of non-volatile memories at Intel Corporation.

他是英特尔公司(Intel Corporation)非易失性存储领域的天之骄子。

I learned a lot from him.

我从他身上学到了很多。

You know, he really taught me back then in early '80s that engineering was not just about design engineering which is, you know, something I I had studied for and I had started as a design engineer first in the industry.

早在80年代初,他就让我明白,工程绝不只是设计工程——设计正是我所学的专业,我进入这个行业最初也是从设计工程师做起的。

But that you had to focus on test and manufacturability, quality and that this was all the responsibility of engineers designing the chip.

但你必须关注测试与可制造性、质量,而这一切都是设计芯片的工程师的责任。

I So, I learned that discipline very early on from him and I always thank him for coaching me to become a good engineer.

所以我很早就从他那里学到了这份严谨,我也一直感谢他悉心栽培,把我培养成一名合格的工程师。

And then Eli Harari, the lead founder at SanDisk, he absolutely helped me transition from an engineering manager or an engineer to a business leader.

再后来是闪迪(SanDisk)的首席创始人Eli Harari,他切实帮助我完成了从工程经理、从一名工程师到一名商业领袖的转变。

So, I mean, these my dad, my professor at Berkeley, my first boss in the industry, George Perlegos, who later became founder of Atmel Corporation as well, and Eli Harari, the lead founder of SanDisk, have absolutely shaped my career.

所以,这些人——我的父亲、我在伯克利的教授、我进入行业后的第一位老板George Perlegos(他后来也成了Atmel公司的创始人),以及SanDisk的首席创始人Eli Harari——深刻地塑造了我的职业生涯。

And I would say that, you know, my wife plays a very, very important role in my journey because, you know, where I am today, this would not have been possible if actually she had not sacrificed her career to raise our daughters.

我还要说,我的妻子在我这段旅程中扮演了非常非常重要的角色,因为如果不是她牺牲了自己的事业来抚养我们的女儿,我今天的一切根本不可能实现。

She was well-respected, you know, accountant as well as controller in the tech industry, but in late '90s, in order to support the kids, you know, gave up her career.

她是科技行业里备受尊重的会计,也做过财务总监,但在90年代末,为了照顾孩子,她放弃了自己的事业。

And, you know, that definitely helped me focus on my professional journey as well.

而这确实让我能够专注于自己的事业发展。

Okay.

好的。

Very good.

非常好。

So, you know, it it's very interesting in our industry because there are a lot of leaders of Indian descent.

在我们这个行业里有一点很有意思,就是有很多印度裔的领导者。

And they all sort of have a few things in common, you know, that very ambitious, very driven, very disciplined, very resilient.

而他们身上都有一些共同点——非常有雄心、非常有干劲、非常自律、非常有韧性。

So, do you find that those characteristics are are true about the other Indians that you work with within the industry?

那么,你是否发现,这些特质在你行业里共事的其他印度人身上也同样成立?

And do you think that that that helps you?

你觉得这些特质对你有帮助吗?

It Those characteristics and maybe, you know, being an outsider when you came to the US, you think those things help you?

这些特质,还有你刚来美国时作为一个外来者的身份,你觉得这些对你有帮助吗?

You know, certainly the background that you come from does shape who you are.

你所来自的成长背景,确实会塑造你成为怎样的人。

It does shape your character and absolutely that does influence your leadership style as well.

它确实会塑造你的性格,也一定会影响你的领导风格。

No question that, you know, very many of the Indians who are here in the tech ecosystem, you know, went through tremendous amount of competition to get to be able to get into the best schools in India as well as then schools here in the US.

毫无疑问,如今身处科技生态圈里的很多印度人,都经历了极其激烈的竞争,才得以进入印度最好的学校,以及之后美国这边的学校。

So, of course, you know, competition and thriving in competition absolutely deeply rooted because in India, 1.4 billion people, I mean, even in your school level, high school level, tremendous amount of competition.

所以,竞争以及在竞争中脱颖而出,确实深深扎根于我们心中,因为在印度,有14亿人口,即便是在学校阶段、高中阶段,竞争都极其激烈。

Um but also, uh you know, India, developing country, country of very many constraints in terms of resources.

但还有一点,印度是发展中国家,是一个资源上有诸多限制的国家。

Many of us come from humble beginnings, you know, uh uh middle-class family background just like I described it to you for myself.

我们中的许多人都出身平凡,来自中产家庭,就像我刚才向你描述我自己的那样。

Um and that learning, you know, how to operate within constraints, I believe uh ends up somehow being ingrained in us.

而那种学习如何在种种限制之下运作的能力,我相信最终以某种方式深深烙印在了我们身上。

I mean, seeing that in our childhood growing up as well as in terms of managing um through, you know, all of the life, growing up, even going to colleges in India, um operating under constraint, which when you think about it, that is such an important aspect for running a business, right?

无论是童年成长中亲眼所见,还是在应对整个人生、成长、乃至在印度上大学的过程中,都是在限制之下运作——而你细想一下,这对经营一家企业来说,是何等重要的一面,对吧?

And um uh you know, the other part I would say is that India is a very, very diverse country.

另外我想说的一点是,印度是一个非常非常多元的国家。

And uh so, you end up growing within lot of diversity, so you naturally uh learn uh to respect, to hear various points of views, and that ultimately helps as well.

所以,你会在大量的多样性中成长,自然而然地学会去尊重、去倾听各种不同的观点,而这最终也是有帮助的。

And you know, lastly, I would say that think about um uh you know, us as students coming here to the country, um and giving up, you know, uh what we have had in our own upbringing there, and adjusting into a totally new environment, right?

最后我想说,想想我们这些作为学生来到这个国家的人,放下了在故乡成长中所拥有的一切,去适应一个全然陌生的环境,对吧?

So, that adaptability that is needed, and that element of risk that is there in just going to a new country.

所以,这需要那种适应力,以及仅仅是去到一个新国家所包含的那份风险。

Like when I came here and I went to Berkeley, I didn't know a single person.

比如我刚来这里、去伯克利的时候,一个人都不认识。

I didn't actually have even housing arranged, right?

我甚至连住处都没安排好,对吧?

So, how you have to adapt at that point, how there is certain element of risk that you're taking.

所以,那种时刻你必须如何去适应,你承担着某种程度的风险。

You are certainly stretching out of your comfort zone, you know, when you're coming to a foreign country and adjusting to a new education system as well as a cultural environment.

当你来到一个异国,去适应一套新的教育体系以及一种新的文化环境时,你确实是在把自己拉出舒适区。

It just brings about, I think, a cultural agility as well.

我认为,这也带来了一种文化上的灵活应变能力。

So, I mean, all of those things, all of those attributes, when you think about it, it does help in uh running a business.

所以,所有这些东西、所有这些特质,你细想一下,它们确实有助于经营一家企业。

And you know, when you come here as a foreign student, you are definitely very much focused on um gaining stability, establishing yourself.

而且,当你作为一名外国学生来到这里,你一定会非常专注于获得安稳、站稳脚跟。

You're absolutely hungry uh as well.

你也绝对充满饥饿感。

I think, you know, that again um is something that's always helpful in the business, too.

我认为,这一点在商业中同样始终有益。

Right.

对。

Yeah, and then that I mean, that makes sense because it's not only just in our industry.

是啊,这就说得通了,因为这不仅仅存在于我们这个行业。

I mean, if you look at global com- companies around the world, so many of them were led by um those of Indian descent.

我是说,如果你看看全球各地的大公司,其中有那么多都是由印度裔领导的。

So, I mean, it's it's fascinating.

所以,这真的很有意思。

This episode is brought to you by Morgan Stanley.

本期节目由摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)赞助播出。

Morgan Stanley celebrated its 90th anniversary last year, and its tech investment banking team has prided itself in working with the most innovative entrepreneurs and leadership companies for decades.

摩根士丹利去年迎来成立 90 周年，其科技投行团队数十年来始终以服务最具创新力的创业者和行业领军企业为傲。

During that time, they've led IPOs for hundreds of tech companies, including Apple, ARM, Astera Labs, Broadcom, Cisco, Facebook, Google, Nvidia, Salesforce, and Uber.

在此期间，他们为数百家科技公司主导了 IPO，包括 Apple、ARM、Astera Labs、Broadcom、Cisco、Facebook、Google、Nvidia、Salesforce 和 Uber。

In addition, they worked as a trusted advisor and executed thousands of M&A transactions for some of the most industry-defining deals in technology.

此外，他们还作为值得信赖的顾问，完成了数千笔并购交易，其中不乏定义了科技行业格局的标志性交易。

Throughout the years, Morgan Stanley's tech investment banking team success has been achieved by dedication, consistency, and a North Star purpose of helping its clients to maximize their opportunities and overcome their challenges.

这些年来，摩根士丹利科技投行团队的成功，源于他们的专注、坚持，以及帮助客户把握机遇、克服挑战这一北极星般的使命。

Now, let's get back to the episode.

现在，让我们回到本期节目。

Did all of your siblings end up in the US?

你的兄弟姐妹最后都来了美国吗？

Yes, they did.

是的，都来了。

And did your parents end up in the US?

那你父母最后也来美国了吗？

My parents then in 1980s came to the US as well.

我父母后来也在 1980 年代来了美国。

Yes.

是的。

Nice.

真好。

So, they got to see some of your success.

这样他们就见证了你的一部分成就。

Uh I mean, at SanDisk, they certainly got to see some of my success.

在 SanDisk 时期，他们确实见证了我的一些成就。

Yeah.

是的。

Were they proud?

他们为你骄傲吗？

And both my dad parents, I mean, my dad, my mom, extremely proud.

我的父母，我是说，我爸爸、我妈妈，都非常为我骄傲。

I know that they would be rooting for me and Micron today as they would have seen the company enter into the trillion-dollar club.

我知道，今天他们一定会为我、为 Micron 加油，仿佛亲眼见证这家公司迈入万亿美元俱乐部。

And my dad was sometimes so proud that he would embarrass me talking about me and my siblings to other members, and I would cringe and I would like to leave the room.

我爸爸有时候骄傲得会让我难堪，他会跟别人念叨我和我的兄弟姐妹，而我则浑身不自在，只想离开那个房间。

So, yes.

所以，是的。

Yeah.

没错。

That's cute.

真可爱。

So, it it's been so much fun the last few years in our industry because, you know, really starting in 2016, people began to take notice of our industry.

过去这几年,我们这个行业实在太有意思了,因为差不多从 2016 年开始,人们才真正开始关注它。

Um by 2020, you know, even everyday people knew about semiconductors cuz they couldn't get a car or refrigerator that they wanted.

到 2020 年,连普通人都知道半导体了,因为他们买不到想要的汽车或冰箱。

And today we sit at the center of what everybody, every country emphatically cares about, including national security.

而今天,我们正处在所有人、每个国家都极为关切的事物的中心,包括国家安全。

So, how do you What do you think about this this evolution of uh the recognition of semiconductors, and do you ever worry about the governments, whether it's our government or Indian government or others, getting too involved in our industry?

那么,你怎么看半导体越来越受重视的这一演变?你会不会担心政府——无论是我们的政府、印度政府还是其他国家的政府——过度介入这个行业?

Micron is making investments of $200 billion here in America bringing leading-edge memory manufacturing as well as long life cycle memory manufacturing in the US.

Micron 正在美国投资 2000 亿美元,把先进制程的内存制造以及长生命周期的内存制造带到美国。

Just last Friday, actually, we had the start of our first wafers from an expansion uh and modernization of our facility in Manassas, Virginia.

其实就在上周五,我们位于弗吉尼亚州马纳萨斯(Manassas)的工厂经过扩建与现代化改造,产出了第一批晶圆。

Very much targeted toward long life cycle projects.

这个项目主要面向长生命周期的产品。

Boise, Idaho as well as Syracuse, New York, we are making investments to build leading edge memory fabs here.

在爱达荷州博伊西(Boise)和纽约州锡拉丘兹(Syracuse),我们也在投资建设先进制程的内存晶圆厂。

So, clearly the importance of semiconductors and certainly importance of memory uh how important it is to AI is well recognized by not only the US government is definitely recognized uh by governments, you know, across the world.

所以,半导体的重要性、尤其是内存的重要性,以及它对 AI 有多重要,不仅美国政府充分认识到了,全世界各国政府也确实都认识到了。

And so, that's a great place for semiconductor industry to be in.

因此,这对半导体行业来说是一个很好的处境。

And of course, we have tremendous responsibility to ensure that, you know, where we have offices, where we have operations, uh that we are uh supporting uh the growth of our teams, the communities, as well as our operations there.

当然,我们也肩负着重大的责任,要确保在我们设有办公室、设有运营的地方,支持团队、社区以及当地运营的成长。

And so, how do you think the US is doing um in terms of being competitive worldwide now?

那么,你认为美国如今在全球竞争力方面表现如何?

I think US is doing very well.

我认为美国表现非常好。

I mean, you know, certainly when we look at uh Micron as a memory leader here in the US and the as the only company in the Western Hemispheres that manufactures memory, I mean, Micron is doing very well.

把 Micron 看作美国的内存领导者、看作西半球唯一制造内存的公司,Micron 做得非常好。

Uh US is absolutely leading in innovation, leading with technology.

美国在创新上绝对处于领先,在技术上也处于领先。

And um I think you see that in terms of, you know, how uh AI is models are advancing, how inference solutions are advancing.

我想,从 AI 模型如何进步、推理方案如何进步上,你就能看到这一点。

So, I think overall the US is doing very well.

所以,我认为总体上美国表现非常好。

Of course, you know, there is for such an exciting opportunity, there is intense competition from overseas as well.

当然,面对这样一个激动人心的机遇,来自海外的竞争也很激烈。

You know, certainly competition from China there as well, but I think uh US is well positioned to continue to lead.

来自中国的竞争同样存在,但我认为美国已做好了继续领先的准备。

Okay.

好的。

So, it's been very interesting to watch the semiconductor industry's leadership over the years because, I mean, it's it's not only the people have changed, but the style of leadership has changed a lot.

这些年来,观察半导体行业的领导力变化非常有意思,因为不仅人换了,领导风格也变了很多。

Used to be a pretty brutal industry in terms of of leadership.

过去在领导力上,这曾是个相当残酷的行业。

I mean, you think back at the Morris Chang days and at TI.

你回想一下张忠谋(Morris Chang)当年、还有在德州仪器(TI)的那段时期。

And I'm I'm sure you experienced it probably at the early days of Intel, but it seems to sort of a kinder, gentler leadership today.

我相信你在英特尔(Intel)早期大概也经历过,但如今似乎变成了一种更友善、更温和的领导方式。

Do you Do you believe that?

你认同这个说法吗?

I mean, do you think And why do you think that that has changed?

你觉得这种变化为什么会发生?

Yeah, I I think, you know, the industry was definitely uh in the early years, semiconductor industry was very much a go-go kind of industry, right?

是的,我想在早年,半导体行业确实是一个非常激进冒进(go-go)的行业,对吧?

And with technology advancing fast, you know, uh product innovation happening, applications growing from uh PCs to mobile phones to cloud, very go-go kind of industry.

随着技术快速进步、产品创新不断涌现,应用从个人电脑扩展到手机、再到云端,这是一个非常激进冒进的行业。

And I think the industry has uh generally recognized that it's not only about technology and products and manufacturing and business and revenues and profits, but it is also about culture.

我想这个行业普遍已经认识到,它不仅关乎技术、产品、制造、业务、营收和利润,也关乎文化。

And I think that increased focus on culture in the semiconductor industry definitely has uh brought about a different kind of leadership transition across industry, too.

而我认为,半导体行业对文化日益重视,确实也在整个行业带来了一种不同类型的领导力交替。

Right.

对。

Yeah, you've built an amazing culture at Micron.

是啊,你在 Micron 打造了一种了不起的文化。

And obviously very intentionally.

而且显然是很有意识地去打造的。

So, how would you describe your leadership skills or style, leadership style?

那么,你会怎么形容你的领导力,或者说领导风格?

You know, my leadership style uh is definitely one that can focus into the details uh when necessary.

我的领导风格,必要时肯定是能够钻进细节里去的。

I mean, definitely engineering driven, very much data driven, but also uh very much reliant on the team and extremely focused on um moving fast and uh you know, customer-focused, as well.

肯定是工程驱动、非常数据驱动,但同时也非常依赖团队,并且极度专注于快速推进,也很以客户为中心。

I'll tell you that uh you know, early years of my leadership at SanDisk, one could say that, you know, I was a micromanager because I would be extremely into all the details.

我可以告诉你,在我于 SanDisk 领导团队的早年,可以说我是个事必躬亲的微观管理者,因为我会极度深入所有细节。

Some can say even today that I can be a micro-manager when needed.

有人可能会说,即便到今天,必要时我依然会事必躬亲。

I personally believe that in our industry when technology moves so fast, products are moving so fast, customers are moving so fast, competition is moving fast, it is important to be able to see the big picture as well as to be able to dive into the details when it's necessary to ensure uh the that the company is realizing its fullest potential.

我个人相信,在我们这个行业里,技术演进如此之快、产品迭代如此之快、客户变化如此之快、竞争推进如此之快,能够既看到大局、又在必要时深入细节,以确保公司充分释放其潜力,是很重要的。

So, I do think that balance is uh needed and I'm able to drive that balance.

所以我确实认为这种平衡是必要的,而我能够驱动这种平衡。

But, in order to drive that balance, you have to be close to engineering as well as you have to have strong leaders and strong reliance on those leaders.

但要驱动这种平衡,你必须贴近工程,同时你也必须拥有强有力的领导者,并高度依赖这些领导者。

And so, at the end of the day, it always is about the um team.

所以归根结底,一切始终关乎团队。

So, my leadership is uh style is very much reliant on having a strong team working with me.

所以我的领导风格非常依赖一支与我并肩工作的强大团队。

You're very you're sort of quiet and understated.

你为人相当安静、内敛。

You think is that intentional or is that just part of your personality?

你觉得这是刻意为之,还是本来就是你性格的一部分?

You know, I I am.

确实是的。

I mean, that is definitely part of my personality that I am uh on the quieter side and uh certainly also in situations um I would intentionally want to listen as well.

这肯定是我性格的一部分,我偏安静,而且在某些场合我也会刻意选择去倾听。

Listen, process, analyze thing, you know, um decide.

倾听、消化、分析,然后再做决定。

And I think um just listening I do think is extremely important.

而我认为,仅仅是倾听这件事,就极其重要。

Right.

对。

All right.

好。

Well, how would you describe the culture at Micron?

那么,你会怎么形容 Micron 的文化?

Uh culture at Micron is a culture, you know, where we enable everybody to be able to um express their views.

Micron 的文化,是一种让每个人都能够表达自己观点的文化。

We say that we want to hear all ideas and let the best ideas win.

我们说,我们想听到所有的想法,让最好的想法胜出。

Uh we really try to promote that people should be able to speak up, raise their hand when they see that something can be done differently, better, faster, cheaper, or you know, something is not right and there's an opportunity for improvement.

我们真的努力去倡导:当人们看到某件事可以用不同的方式做、可以做得更好、更快、更省,或者看到某处不对、存在改进机会时,他们应该敢于开口、举手发声。

We always want to encourage our team members to be able to speak up and that's something we always absolutely encourage.

我们始终想鼓励团队成员敢于发声,这是我们绝对一贯鼓励的。

Micron is absolutely a very tenacious company and being in the memory industry, especially now 47 years old, you know, definitely required tremendous amount of tenacity.

Micron 绝对是一家非常坚韧的公司,身处内存行业、尤其如今已有 47 年历史,这肯定需要极大的坚韧。

So, the culture tenacity is a very deeply rooted value in the company.

所以坚韧这种文化,是公司里根植极深的价值观。

It is also a company where people do care about each other.

它也是一家人与人之间真心彼此关怀的公司。

So, people is another core value of Micron.

所以「人」是 Micron 的另一项核心价值。

That's just I think how the founders of the company you know, in the early days in Boise, but even now as it expanded globally, I think that caring for people, understanding people, and you know, especially working with different cultures, I think is an important part of Micron culture.

我认为这正是公司创始人当年在博伊西早期就带来的东西,而即便如今公司已扩展到全球,我认为关怀人、理解人,尤其是与不同文化的人共事,依然是 Micron 文化的重要组成部分。

I would say innovation.

我还要说创新。

You know, absolutely deeply rooted in Micron.

创新绝对深深根植于 Micron。

Look at it.

你看。

[clears throat] I mean, again, there used to be dozens of companies in the memory industry.

过去,内存行业曾有数十家公司。

Today, very few.

如今,寥寥无几。

Only really in DRAM, there are only three and in the US, there's only one DRAM company and that's Micron, right?

单看 DRAM,就只剩三家,而在美国只剩一家 DRAM 公司,那就是 Micron,对吧?

So, you know, certainly that is enabled by Micron's uh ability to constantly innovate and leverage it to the company's benefit.

所以这当然得益于 Micron 持续创新、并将创新转化为公司优势的能力。

We have transitioned Micron culture from being a follower or being a survivor to today becoming a clear leader and not just survive, but thrive as well.

我们已经把 Micron 的文化,从一个追随者、一个幸存者,转变为今天一个明确的领导者,不只是生存,而且是繁荣壮大。

And I mean, the team at Micron is very much absolutely winning.

而且我要说,Micron 的团队绝对是在赢的。

Okay.

好。

Yeah, I see Micron is a very progressive company and it that's not easy to say about a company as old as Micron.

是啊,我看得出 Micron 是一家非常进取的公司,而对于一家像 Micron 这样有年头的公司,这可不容易做到。

And in being in memory, sort of think of that as, you know, I don't know, um, a less, fancy kind of, um, technology.

而身处内存领域,人们往往会把它想成是一种,怎么说呢,不那么光鲜的技术。

I mean, it is now for sure, but

当然,如今它确实很光鲜了,不过——

I would definitely want to correct that impression, and that is something people often have misunderstood about memory, that how hard it is to make memory.

我一定要纠正这个印象,这也是人们常常误解内存的地方——做内存有多难。

I mean, the physics, the chemistry, the material science, all of the engineering that goes into designing these memory chips, producing them in large volume, making sure they have the reliability, the quality, the testability, and ramping those into large volumes, and ensuring that every bit out of these trillions of bits in a product are behaving correctly.

物理、化学、材料科学,设计这些内存芯片、大规模量产、确保它们具备可靠性、质量、可测试性、把它们量产爬坡到极大规模,并确保产品中数以万亿计的比特里每一个比特都表现正确,这背后所有的工程投入。

I mean, there's so much physics and, you know, science involved in it.

这里面涉及如此之多的物理和科学。

It's hard stuff.

这是很难的东西。

It's really hard stuff.

这真的是很难的东西。

And now it's getting even harder because it's not just about scaling.

而如今它变得更难了,因为已经不只是关乎微缩制程。

It is absolutely about how to deliver that performance that truly enables AI from data center to edge, to deliver it in those higher capacities, in those various packages that are needed, right?

它绝对关乎如何交付那种真正赋能 AI、从数据中心到边缘端的性能,并以所需的更高容量、以各种所需的封装形式把它交付出来,对吧?

So, this is what I think, you know, people many times underestimate.

所以这正是人们许多时候低估的地方。

Memory is very, very, uh, hard stuff, and one should never underestimate that how how much technology and engineering goes into uh, producing memory.

内存是非常非常难的东西,人们永远不该低估生产内存要投入多少技术和工程。

It is no less than any other part of semiconductor industry, and certain aspects I would say that are even harder in memory.

它丝毫不亚于半导体行业的任何其他部分,某些方面我甚至会说,内存还更难。

Okay, we now stand corrected.

好,我们现在受教了。

I appreciate that.

谢谢你这么说。

So, you know, there's this there's a sort of tension these days between providing opportunity and sort of performative inclusion, the the tension between the two.

那么,如今在「提供机会」和某种「作秀式包容」之间,存在着一种张力,两者之间的张力。

Um, you know, there as you know, many companies have dismantled their DEI teams internally within companies, um stopped any sort of single-sex programs within their companies.

你也知道,许多公司已经在内部裁撤了 DEI 团队,叫停了公司内任何单一性别的项目。

And, you know, we we've talked for a long time because we you you really were huge proponent of the GSA's Women's Leadership Initiative in making sure that this industry has the talent that's necessary to get to a trillion plus in revenues.

而我们两个聊这个话题已经很久了,因为你当年真的是 GSA 女性领导力倡议(Women's Leadership Initiative)的坚定拥护者,你力主确保这个行业拥有实现万亿以上营收所必需的人才。

That if you're ignoring 50% of population, it's a great place to start.

如果你无视了 50% 的人口,那这里正是一个绝佳的起点。

So, it was never about sort of lowering any standards.

所以这从来都不是要降低任何标准。

It was trying to make this industry attractive to bring people in and once they're in to make it a great industry for women.

而是要努力让这个行业变得有吸引力、把人才引进来,并且在他们进来之后,让这个行业成为一个对女性很好的行业。

So, how do you think we're doing?

那么,你觉得我们做得怎么样?

What you know, how do we solve that kind of tension between performative and actual opportunity?

我们要如何化解「作秀」与「真实机会」之间的这种张力?

I think you said the keywords.

我觉得你已经说出了关键词。

It was never ever about compromising on merit.

这绝对、从来都不是要在才干上打折扣。

I think absolutely semiconductor industry, you cannot thrive if your team is not of the highest merit and your focus is not on merit.

我绝对认为,在半导体行业,如果你的团队不是才干最顶尖的、如果你的关注点不在才干上,你就无法繁荣。

And, um so I mean, that has always been Micron's focus.

所以这一直都是 Micron 的关注点。

Certainly, as I said, I think it is very important that if you want to drive innovation and you want to drive the best uh outcomes for the business, it's important to be able to hear all ideas.

当然,正如我所说,我认为很重要的一点是:如果你想推动创新、想为业务带来最好的结果,能够听到所有的想法就很重要。

All ideas and, you know, let them bubble up and, you know, decide uh which are the best ideas to pursue.

所有的想法,让它们冒出来,再决定哪些是最值得去追求的最佳想法。

And, uh providing an environment, you know, in that uh regard an inclusive environment for all to be able to express their point of views and to be able to debate them and move forward, I think is just important and that's just the natural part of um Micron as well.

而在这方面,提供一个环境——一个包容的环境,让所有人都能够表达自己的观点、能够就此辩论并向前推进——我认为这就是重要的,这也正是 Micron 自然而然的一部分。

And at Micron, I think, you know, the company has um 61,000 plus patents.

而在 Micron,公司拥有超过 61,000 项专利。

I mean, we are an innovation powerhouse here among the very top innovators in the world.

我们在这里是一台创新的强力引擎,跻身世界顶尖创新者之列。

I mean, Micron has one of the innovators um, who has now exceeded Einstein's patents and is among the top five or so innovators, I believe, in the country.

Micron 有一位创新者,如今其专利数量已经超过了爱因斯坦,我相信他跻身全美前五左右的创新者之列。

So, innovation is flourishing well at Micron.

所以创新在 Micron 蓬勃发展。

Women innovators, you know, we launched a program in women women innovation several years ago.

女性创新者——几年前我们启动了一个女性创新项目。

And women innovators at Micron, in terms of their numbers, are continuing to increase as well.

而 Micron 的女性创新者,就人数而言,也在持续增加。

And we really want to make sure, because IP is such a competitive competitive advantage, and IP and innovation is what uh provides you differentiation in your technology and products, we absolutely put in lot of work in making sure that we convey to our broader teams across the board, all team members, that how important innovation is, how important IP is.

而我们真的想确保——因为知识产权是如此重要的竞争优势,知识产权和创新正是让你在技术和产品上形成差异化的东西——我们绝对投入了大量工作,确保向我们更广泛的团队、向所有团队成员传达:创新有多重要、知识产权有多重要。

And innovation is not just about technology or or products, it is absolutely about business processes.

而创新不只关乎技术或产品,它绝对也关乎业务流程。

I mean, how to do things better, differently.

也就是如何把事情做得更好、做得不一样。

Uh, and especially now with AI, as we drive AI transformation in the company, lot of opportunity for innovation.

尤其是如今有了 AI,当我们在公司里推动 AI 转型时,就有大量创新的机会。

It's not about bolting AI on old business processes.

关键不是把 AI 硬生生地栓在旧的业务流程上。

Now is the time to reimagine what we are doing and then add AI elements to it.

现在正是重新构想我们所做之事、再为其加入 AI 元素的时候。

So, this is all part of Micron's culture, and this wouldn't happen if we didn't promote a culture of inclusion and uh everybody to be able to speak up and express their point of views and hear what others have to say as well.

所以这一切都是 Micron 文化的一部分,而如果我们不去倡导一种包容的文化、不让每个人都能够开口发声、表达自己的观点、也倾听他人的看法,这一切就不会发生。

What would you say to young women that are um on a STEM path at university, the top of their class, they're they're double E or physics?

对于那些走在大学 STEM 道路上、名列班级前茅、读电机工程或物理的年轻女性,你会对她们说什么?

What would you say to them about joining the semiconductor

关于加入半导体行业,你会对她们说什么——

I would say come join Micron.

我会说,来加入 Micron 吧。

And, you know, uh this is the best time for semiconductor industry and so much exciting opportunities ahead.

现在是半导体行业最好的时代,前方有那么多激动人心的机会。

And come join the workforce, be part of it, be part of the change transformation that is ahead for our industry and not only say it to those that are in the semiconductor curriculum in their universities.

来加入这支队伍,成为其中一员,成为我们行业前方那场变革转型的一份子——而且这话不只说给大学里读半导体专业的人听。

I would absolutely say that to young students, those you know, that are in middle grade or middle school or high school.

我绝对也会把这话说给年轻的学生们听,那些还在小学高年级、初中或高中的孩子。

Would love to see that they get inspired toward STEM.

我很愿意看到他们受到激励、走向 STEM。

Micron actually for last several years has been taking what we call our chip camp to the communities across US, particularly where we have operations, getting our team members to participate in it, going to middle schools and high schools and taking the basic education about chips, about semiconductors and to these students, making them aware of the power of semiconductors and sparking interest in sciences, interest in STEM STEM in them.

事实上,过去这几年 Micron 一直在把我们所谓的「芯片营」(chip camp)带到全美各个社区,尤其是我们有业务运营的地方,让我们的团队成员参与其中,走进初中和高中,把关于芯片、关于半导体的基础知识带给这些学生,让他们认识到半导体的力量,激发他们对科学的兴趣、对 STEM 的兴趣。

This is really, really important in order to build the workforce of the future right here in this country.

这真的、真的很重要,唯有如此才能就在这个国家、在这里建立起未来的人才队伍。

You know, our investments of 200 billion dollars are going to add like 90,000 jobs in the ecosystem.

我们那 2000 亿美元的投资,将为整个生态系统增加约 90,000 个工作岗位。

So, Micron has to take the responsibility and to invest in bringing everybody into the semiconductor workforce, not just women, but veterans, people from all kinds of backgrounds to join our workforce because we need to add.

所以 Micron 必须承担起责任,投入去把每一个人都引入半导体人才队伍,不只是女性,还有退伍军人、来自各种背景的人,让他们加入我们的队伍,因为我们需要扩充人手。

We have shortage of talent here as well.

我们这里同样面临人才短缺。

Right.

对。

So, you talked about the investment of 200 billion over the next few years in the US.

你刚才谈到未来几年在美国投资 2000 亿美元。

And you know, you have to make those kinds of decisions.

而这类决策必须由你来拍板。

We talked about the feast and famine in the memory industry and in a time that there was a lot of famine, you had to make those kind of big decisions.

我们聊过内存行业的丰年与荒年,而在荒年遍地的时候,你也得做出那种重大决策。

How do you get comfortable with that kind of risk and in making those kind of decisions and do you ever, you know, do you ever doubt yourself?

你是怎么让自己坦然面对那种风险、做出那样的决策的?你有没有过怀疑自己的时候?

I mean, you know, I have been in this industry, in the memory industry, for 45-plus years.

我在这个行业、在内存行业里已经干了 45 年多。

I love uh this industry, have always believed in the potential of this industry, have always believed that the best is yet to come, and I'm super excited, you know, to be able to work with our customers to advance AI.

我热爱这个行业,一直相信它的潜力,一直相信最好的还在后头,也非常兴奋能够与我们的客户携手、推动 AI 的发展。

And it has been clear that this needs investments to be made.

而且很明显,这需要持续投入。

But of course, investments are not made blindly.

但投资当然不是盲目做出的。

I mean, investments are made with discipline.

投资是有纪律地做出的。

Investments are made with data, understanding the technology, the applications, where the applications are going, working closely with our customers to understand where they are going, and what will what role does Micron play.

投资要基于数据、基于对技术的理解、对应用的理解、对应用走向的理解,要与客户紧密合作、了解他们的走向,以及 Micron 在其中扮演什么角色。

All of that ultimately translates into our assessment, along with our customers' assessment, of what the demand projections can look like.

所有这些最终都会转化为我们自己、连同客户一起,对需求预测可能样貌的判断。

You know, of course, can go wrong, sometimes can be oversupplied, sometimes can be undersupplied.

当然,判断也可能出错,有时会供过于求,有时会供不应求。

And right now, with AI, I mean, you know, this is this demand demand environment is here to stay.

而眼下,在 AI 的推动下,这样的需求环境将会长期存在。

So, understanding, working closely with the customer, understanding the applications and the demand trend and the value proposition of micro- memory, and shifting the portfolio toward higher value solutions, and then of course, uh with continued success of that execution of that strategy, of course, then you make the investments based on data.

所以,理解客户、与客户紧密合作,理解应用、需求趋势以及内存的价值主张,把产品组合向更高价值的解决方案倾斜,再加上这一战略持续成功地执行下去——当然,你才据此基于数据做出投资。

And based on always discipline regarding that investments.

而且始终对这些投资保持纪律。

I always emphasize that because this is a very important part of Micron strategy.

我一直强调这一点,因为这是 Micron 战略中非常重要的一环。

Today, we are investing in building the green fields, the shells.

今天,我们正在投资建设新厂区、建设厂房外壳。

Um as these shells get built out, of course, we'll exercise discipline in terms of how we equip these cells.

随着这些厂房外壳建起来,我们当然会在如何为它们配备设备上保持纪律。

That discipline means always assessing what the demand projections are, looking at what the technology capabilities are in terms of giving us bit growth, looking at what the product requirements have to be, how do they impact, you know, the supply dynamic, assessing all of that, and of course managing the risk appropriately and managing capex in highly efficient manner.

所谓纪律,就是始终评估需求预测如何,审视技术能力在带来位元增长上处于什么水平,审视产品需求究竟是什么样、它们如何影响供给格局,把这一切都评估清楚,当然还要恰当地管理风险、以极高的效率管理资本开支。

These are some of the priorities that our entire team very much focuses on.

这些都是我们整个团队高度专注的优先事项。

Okay.

好。

Okay, you ever have any self-doubt?

好,那你有没有过自我怀疑?

I mean, we do not have self-doubt.

我们不存在自我怀疑。

I mean, we absolutely believe in the opportunity for memory.

我们绝对相信内存所蕴含的机会。

Today, I think it is very, very clear.

今天,我认为这一点已经非常非常清楚了。

And I think always what is important in our business is be able to adapt and be agile.

而且我认为,在我们这行,始终重要的是能够适应、能够敏捷。

And Micron has shown that over the years.

这些年 Micron 已经证明了这一点。

That yes, we have exercised financial discipline, but we have shown tremendous adaptability and agility as well.

是的,我们保持了财务纪律,但我们同样展现出了极强的适应力与敏捷性。

The future of technology will be built on the foundation of advanced hardware and AI.

技术的未来,将建立在先进硬件与 AI 的根基之上。

For leaders in this space, the pressure to make the right call on everything from R&D to market expansion is immense.

对这一领域的领导者而言,从研发到市场扩张,方方面面都要做出正确判断,压力是巨大的。

KPMG works with leaders who are building this future.

KPMG 与正在构建这一未来的领导者们并肩合作。

They will help you navigate the risks, responsibilities, and the possibilities of transformational technology so you can make clearer, more confident decisions.

他们会帮助你驾驭变革性技术的风险、责任与可能性,让你做出更清晰、更笃定的决策。

When your trusted advisor understands the stakes, you can focus on what's next.

当你信赖的顾问懂得其中的利害,你就能专注于下一步。

Learn more at kpmg.com.

欲了解更多,请访问 kpmg.com。

Let's get back to the episode.

让我们回到本期节目。

So, you know, oftentimes when people look at CEOs, they think that it's a pretty glamorous job to have.

很多时候,人们看待 CEO,会觉得这是份相当光鲜的工作。

I mean, make the big bucks, you get to go to the White House, you um, you know, fly on private planes, all these things.

赚大钱,能去白宫,还能坐私人飞机,诸如此类。

But really, the life of a CEO is a pretty tough job.

但实际上,CEO 这份工作其实相当艰辛。

I mean, it's a huge responsibility and great sacrifices.

这是巨大的责任,也伴随着巨大的牺牲。

So, I want to ask you if you've ever had to make sacrifices um, as a human being had to make sacrifices for your job that you regret making.

所以,我想问问你,作为一个普通人,你有没有为工作做出过让你后悔的牺牲。

You know, I do not regret making sacrifices, but definitely um, I had to make sacrifices the and I don't regret making them, but the sacrifices were around time.

我并不后悔做出那些牺牲,但我确实不得不有所牺牲——我不后悔,只是那些牺牲都与时间有关。

And sacrifices in terms of giving sometimes time to family, giving time to parents, you know, giving time to extended family.

牺牲在于有时给家人的时间、给父母的时间、给大家庭的时间。

And you know, those sacrifices over the career have certainly been made because, throughout my career journey, it has been extremely demanding to be at the bleeding edge of technology of memory.

这一路职业生涯,我确实做出了这些牺牲,因为在我整个职业旅程里,站在内存技术的最前沿是极其苛刻的。

Um, the job has involved tremendous amount of travel as well given that um, have always been a very global company.

这份工作也牵涉大量出差,毕竟我们一直是一家非常全球化的公司。

So, I would say that um, um, you know, those are the only sacrifices uh, of time towards loved ones that uh, I absolutely um, sometimes wish had given some more time, for example, to my parents,

所以我会说,那是唯一的牺牲——在给挚爱之人的时间上的牺牲,有时我真的很希望能多给一些时间,比如给我的父母,

Right.

对。

So, you've been you've been married for 42 years.

那,你已经结婚 42 年了。

And I met your your wife earlier.

我之前见到了你太太。

Tell us a little bit about that.

跟我们聊聊这个吧。

First of all, it started out as an arranged marriage, so I want you maybe address that cuz a lot of people don't necessarily understand the dynamics behind that.

首先,这段婚姻一开始是父母包办的,我希望你能谈谈这个,因为很多人未必理解其中的门道。

And then how you've done it.

还有你们是怎么走过来的。

I mean, how once again, great sacrifices probably made on both sides.

同样地,这一路双方大概都付出了巨大的牺牲。

Um, but there are a lot of young people out there that are very reluctant to start families or think, "How can I have this like amazing exciting career and have a happy home life?"

但现在有很多年轻人非常不愿意成家,或者会想:『我怎么可能既拥有一份精彩刺激的事业,又拥有幸福的家庭生活?』

Yeah.

是的。

Is it possible?

这可能吗?

A- And again, you know, certainly a lot of sacrifices here with respect to the time spent with the when I said with the loved ones, that certainly includes my family, certainly includes my wife as well as my children.

同样地,在陪伴所爱之人的时间上,这里确实有很多牺牲;我说所爱之人,当然包括我的家人,包括我的太太和孩子们。

Very, very fortunate to have an amazing wife, you know, who has amazingly calm demeanor and you know, is able to go through the ups and downs in a very balanced manner and remains a rational thinker.

我非常非常幸运,拥有一位了不起的太太,她有着惊人的沉稳气质,能够以极为平和的心态度过起起落落,始终保持理性。

And yes, we were introduced by our parents and we got married 42 years ago.

是的,我们是由父母介绍认识的,42 年前结的婚。

And yes, arranged marriage, it has absolutely worked wonderfully well for us.

是的,这是一段包办婚姻,而它对我们来说无疑非常美满。

And you know, arranged marriage of course requires commitment.

包办婚姻当然需要承诺。

Right?

对吧?

And of course requires adjustment.

当然也需要彼此磨合。

Right?

对吧?

And I I think, you know, both of us and I would say my wife certainly has has managed that extremely well and I have had to make adjustments and absolutely a commitment as well.

我认为,我们俩——我得说,我太太无疑处理得非常出色,而我也必须做出调整,当然也付出了承诺。

So, very fortunate and feel very blessed to have um this you know, successful marriage which absolutely has been a key contributor to my career journey.

所以我非常幸运,也深感有福,拥有这样一段美满的婚姻,它无疑是我职业生涯的一个关键支柱。

Okay, so you ended up making a career sacrifice when you all were first married because she couldn't get into the US and you actually took a different direction in your career than you thought and somehow Floyd Kwami plays into this.

好,所以你们刚结婚时,你最终做了一次职业上的牺牲,因为她当时进不了美国,于是你的职业方向和你原本设想的不一样了,而 Floyd Kwami 不知怎么就牵涉其中。

And I was I was friends with Floyd Kwami, we served on the Empower America board together once upon a time.

我和 Floyd Kwami 是朋友,我们曾经一起在 Empower America 的董事会共事。

So, tell me that story.

跟我讲讲那个故事吧。

Yeah, we got married in 1984 and it would have taken my wife about a year to year and a half for her to get her green card um to be able to come to the US.

是的,我们 1984 年结的婚,而我太太大约需要一年到一年半才能拿到绿卡来到美国。

Uh so, during that time she did not have the visa to come to the US.

所以在那段时间里,她没有来美国的签证。

And Floyd Kwami, who was the chairman of the startup company called Seek Technology that I was with, which was a spin-off from Intel.

而 Floyd Kwami 当时是我所在的那家名为 Seek Technology 的创业公司的董事长,这家公司是从 Intel 分拆出来的。

Intel was the first company I joined in 1980, and then around '82 time frame, there was this spin-off called TEAC technology that I had joined.

Intel 是我 1980 年加入的第一家公司,然后大约在 82 年前后,有一家分拆出来的、叫 TEAC technology 的公司,我加入了它。

And I was actually a few years later, in that 1984 time frame, I was going to be lead leaving TEAC to join a startup, which eventually became Atmel, and I would have been a co-founder at Atmel.

而几年之后,也就是 1984 年前后,我本来打算离开 TEAC 去加入一家创业公司,那家公司后来成了 Atmel,我本会是 Atmel 的联合创始人。

And uh Floyd Kvamme took me out to lunch.

然后 Floyd Kvamme 请我出去吃了顿午饭。

He, as the chair, was basically working on talking me out of leaving Sandisk and talking me out of starting that company, Atmel.

作为董事长,他基本上是在劝我不要离开 SanDisk,也劝我不要去创办 Atmel 那家公司。

Ultimately, I did not join Atmel, did not start it.

最终,我没有加入 Atmel,也没有去创办它。

Um but Floyd Kvamme figured out that my wife was at the time in India, and he said he can arrange for me, with the company TEAC, to go work in Europe and have have my wife be able to come to Europe, you know, to join me there.

但 Floyd Kvamme 了解到我太太当时在印度,他说他可以帮我安排,借 TEAC 这家公司,让我去欧洲工作,并让我太太能够到欧洲去与我团聚。

And I pounced on that opportunity, and because, you know, the two of us could lead our early times of the married life together, rather than me being here in US and she being in India while she was waiting for her green card.

我立刻抓住了这个机会,因为这样我们俩就能一起度过婚姻的最初时光,而不是我待在美国、她在印度等绿卡。

So, we chose to go to London, and she was able to get her permit to come to London, and I worked as European Applications Engineering Manager uh for about a year for TEAC.

于是我们选择去伦敦,她拿到了去伦敦的许可,而我在 TEAC 担任欧洲应用工程经理,做了大约一年。

And I really thank Floy- Floyd Kvamme um because uh going from an engineer, which I was at the time, to a responsibility for applications engineering, where I the chips that I had designed, I was seeing what were the kind of challenges my customers were facing in terms of their own applications.

我真的很感激 Floyd Kvamme,因为从当时身为工程师,转到负责应用工程,我能亲眼看到:我设计的那些芯片,我的客户在他们自己的应用中面临着怎样的挑战。

I learned a lot about the customer side of things, about the application side of things in that one year period, and it really truly made me realize how important customer is.

在那一年里,我学到了很多关于客户端、关于应用端的东西,它真正让我意识到客户有多么重要。

That you cannot develop technology or products in void.

那就是,你不能凭空去开发技术或产品。

You have to work closely with customers.

你必须与客户紧密合作。

So, I have to say that that one year experience when we were newly married, thanks to Floyd Kwami, uh was an amazing experience of us being together in the first year of our marriage in Europe, but it also was an amazing experience for me uh appreciating the value of customer focus, which we today uh call one of our core values at Micron as well.

所以我必须说,那一年新婚时的经历——多亏了 Floyd Kwami——不仅让我们在婚姻的第一年一起在欧洲度过,是一段美妙的经历,对我而言也是一段美妙的经历,让我懂得了以客户为中心的价值,而这正是我们今天在 Micron 所称的核心价值观之一。

And what is the one or two things that she's taught you about partnership that that you see bleeding over into your work life?

那么,关于伴侣关系,她教给你的、你看到也渗透进你工作生活的一两件事,是什么?

Uh you know, in terms of partnership, she definitely taught me that uh sometimes uh before rushing into saying something, just think a little, even if it is few seconds before you say it, because otherwise sometimes you can say something that you just regret.

在伴侣关系方面,她确实教会我:有时候,在急着开口之前,先稍微想一想,哪怕在开口前只想几秒钟,否则有时你会说出让自己后悔的话。

And, you know, that's something she has definitely taught me uh to uh think uh before you necessarily blurt out uh response, right?

这确实是她教给我的一件事——在脱口而出一个回应之前先想一想,对吧?

Uh that has been extremely absolutely extremely helpful, particularly in, you know, certain challenging situations.

这一点极其、绝对极其有用,尤其是在某些棘手的场合。

Um also I'll share with you a funny story.

我还想跟你分享一个有趣的故事。

I mean, one of the first interviews that I ever did was at CNBC way back.

我最早做过的采访之一,是很久以前在 CNBC。

I mean, um this is sometime in 2000s timeframe.

大概是 2000 年代的某个时候。

I can't remember the exact year.

具体哪一年我记不清了。

It was Squawk on the Box.

是《Squawk on the Box》那档节目。

And that interview had occurred very early in the morning, like uh maybe 5:00 a.m.

那次采访是在清晨很早的时候,大概早上 5 点。

Pacific Time.

太平洋时间。

Uh first interview, so obviously nervous on national TV.

第一次采访,又是在全国性电视上,自然很紧张。

And uh, you know, she of course was watching from home, you know, my first ever CNBC interview.

她当然在家里看着,我人生第一次上 CNBC 的采访。

I come back home and you know, she is has a blanket over her head and she just uh, quietly says that you have a very nice smile, use it more often.

我回到家,她裹着毯子,只是轻声说:『你笑起来很好看,应该多笑笑。』

You know, and that has just stayed with me.

这句话就此一直留在我心里。

That has just stayed with me because obviously in that interview I was tense, I was not uh, smiling and that has just stayed with me in every situation and sometimes in meetings or in particularly public speaking situations, that importance of um, being at ease and and that smiling, how important that is.

这句话一直留在我心里,因为那次采访里我显然很紧张,没有笑,而它就一直伴随我出现在每一个场合,有时在会议上,尤其是在公开演讲的场合,让我意识到放松、微笑有多么重要。

You know, just what it communicates to the rest of the audience and how it helps you build that rapport.

它向台下的听众传递出什么,又如何帮助你建立那种亲近感。

So, yes, I mean, she has been uh, a tremendous coach for me.

所以,是的,她一直是我了不起的教练。

And you do have a great smile.

你的笑容确实很棒。

So, you also raised two daughters who became engineers, so bravo on that.

你还养育了两个女儿,她们都成了工程师,这一点太棒了。

Um, tell me how that they view your success in your career.

跟我说说,她们怎么看待你事业上的成功。

You know, for the longest time, uh, you they had not realized that, you know, their dad was an important uh, executive in the technology industry and which is all good because, you know, our focus was always raising our family, being in the family and keeping work, you know, really separate from uh, you know, family interactions.

很长一段时间里,她们都没有意识到自己的爸爸是科技行业里一位重要的高管,而这挺好的,因为我们的重心始终是养育家庭、陪伴家人,把工作和家庭相处真正分开。

Even though I was traveling a lot, but I would absolutely try my best uh, to even sometimes call my kids on the phone uh, if they would needed some help with some homework.

尽管我经常出差,但我一定会尽最大努力,有时甚至打电话给孩子们,如果她们需要一些作业上的帮助。

You know, I remember my older daughter, she was in high school, needed some or maybe eighth grade and needed some um, help with linear alge- algebra and I was on the phone with her, you know, trying to work out the problem.

我记得我大女儿,当时上高中,或者也许是八年级,需要一些线性代数上的帮助,我在电话里陪着她,一起想办法解题。

So, I have even when I'm traveling, I have tried uh, to absolutely stay as close to the family and always through daily calls and conversations with the kids always tried to be there.

所以即使在出差,我也努力尽可能与家人保持亲近,总是通过每天的电话和与孩子们的交谈,努力做到陪在她们身边。

So, as far as my two daughters go, extremely proud of them and you know, they have grown with tremendous values that I absolutely credit my wife you know, with respect to giving them the core values which I'm very proud of for them as well.

所以就我这两个女儿而言,我为她们感到极其骄傲,她们成长中拥有了了不起的价值观,而这我完全归功于我太太,是她赋予了她们这些核心价值观,我也为她们拥有这些而深感自豪。

And they have pursued their passions, but yes, they both have ended up becoming engineers.

她们追随了自己的热爱,而是的,她们俩最终都成了工程师。

And they're both in product management in the tech industry today.

如今她们俩都在科技行业做产品管理。

So, did you play the same sort of poetic role that your father played in your life?

那么,你父亲在你生命中扮演了那种富有诗意的角色,你有没有扮演同样的角色?

Do you think you played in their life?

你觉得你在她们的生命中扮演了这样的角色吗?

I mean definitely very much focused on education as well and absolutely made sure that my both my daughters understood that education was important and you know, shared with them that how education helped my own career and you know, and for us to be where we are that education absolutely was key there.

我确实也非常重视教育,一定会让我的两个女儿都明白教育很重要,并跟她们讲述教育如何帮助了我自己的事业,以及我们能走到今天,教育无疑是关键。

So, yes, I mean just like my parents emphasized education, I definitely emphasized education to my kids.

所以是的,就像我父母强调教育一样,我也一定会向我的孩子们强调教育。

Perhaps one difference would be that uh you know, particularly you know, with the kids growing up here in the US, I mean you have to recognize that it's not just about academics.

也许有一点不同在于,尤其是孩子们在美国长大,你必须认识到,这不只是关乎学业。

It is also about extracurriculars and you know, our kids you know, definitely pursued their passions in areas outside of academics as well and they still do to this day pursue their passions and in that regard somewhat different than my own upbringing and also you know, let them choose their own careers.

它也关乎课外活动,我们的孩子确实在学业之外的领域追随了自己的热爱,直到今天她们仍在追随热爱,在这一点上和我自己的成长经历有些不同,而且我也让她们自己选择职业道路。

My older daughter when she went to college, she thought she is going to be a pre-med.

我大女儿上大学时,原以为自己会走医学预科的路。

Uh but very quickly in the first year or two, she actually gravitated gravitated toward in engineering.

但很快,在头一两年里,她其实转向了工程学。

My younger daughter, she thought she is going to be more toward public policy, but very quickly she too you know, gravitated toward engineering when in college.

我小女儿原以为自己会更偏向公共政策,但很快在大学里,她也转向了工程学。

Okay.

好。

Very nice.

太好了。

Very nice.

太好了。

So, I'm going to end on a question and just ask you, you know, what would people miss about who you are as a person if they just looked at your resume?

那我就用一个问题来收尾,问问你:如果人们只看你的简历,他们会错过你作为一个人的哪些方面?

Couple of things I would say here.

这里我想说几件事。

You know, one thing, very funny thing that one time I had met um a CEO in the semiconductor industry who's still a CEO at semiconductor industry.

有一件很有趣的事,有一次我见到半导体行业的一位 CEO,他如今仍是半导体行业的 CEO。

When I met him for the first time, you know, he said to me, "Uh boy, I had an image of a very tall person." And it's just funny that, you know, looking at my background, you know, looking at my resume, he was expecting a tall person.

我第一次见到他时,他对我说:『哎呀,我原本以为你是个很高的人。』很有意思的是,看着我的背景、看着我的简历,他以为会见到一个高个子。

So, people wouldn't see in my resume that I'm actually short, right?

所以,人们从我的简历里看不出我其实个子不高,对吧?

So, that's just a funny side of it.

这只是有趣的一面。

Um but also I don't think if they would look at my resume, they would know that how much I love my family.

但我也认为,如果他们只看我的简历,不会知道我有多爱我的家人。

And uh my kids, my daughters mean the world to me.

我的孩子、我的女儿们,对我来说就是全世界。

I'm very proud of them.

我为她们感到非常骄傲。

And my wife has been absolutely the rock in my life.

而我太太无疑是我生命中的基石。

And now the grandkids.

现在还有孙辈们。

Yes.

是的。

Two?

两个?

And one on the way?

还有一个在路上?

granddaughters and a third granddaughter on the way.

是孙女,还有第三个孙女在路上。

And the two granddaughters are 3 years old and 3 months old.

两个孙女分别是 3 岁和 3 个月大。

And on the two different coasts.

而且分别住在东西两岸。

But you know, they bring out the kid in me.

但她们让我心里那个孩子冒了出来。

And you know, when I'm with the 3-year-old I play like a little kid and she absolutely thinks that, you know, whether it's going on the slides or it's going on the swing or getting inside a little tent to read a book to her, she absolutely thinks that I am a three-year-old, too.

跟 3 岁的孙女在一起时,我会像个小孩子一样玩,不管是滑滑梯、荡秋千,还是钻进小帐篷里给她读书,她完全认定我也是个 3 岁的小孩。

And this is something people would not realize when they look at my resume.

而这是人们看我的简历时不会意识到的。

Right.

对。

Right.

对。

Well, I'm glad I got to know you a little better and I'm sure that our audience is going to be thrilled to know the personal story behind your success.

嗯,我很高兴能更了解你一些,我相信我们的听众会非常欣喜地知道你成功背后的个人故事。

So, thank you, Sanjay.

所以,谢谢你,Sanjay。

Jordyn, I really enjoyed this and, you know, thank you for covering so many topics and taking me back to my childhood years as well as, you know, discussing some of the most important aspects of our industry as well.

Jodi,我真的很享受这次对话,谢谢你聊了这么多话题,带我回到童年时光,也探讨了我们这个行业一些最重要的方面。

Thank you for what you have been doing for the semiconductor industry for decades now.

谢谢你几十年来为半导体行业所做的一切。

Have known you and really have appreciated on how you bring this industry together in some important, very important dialogues for our industry.

我认识你已久,也真心欣赏你如何把这个行业凝聚在一起,促成一些对我们行业极其重要的对话。

Thank you.

谢谢你。

Thank you.

谢谢。

Appreciate it.

非常感激。